{"id":824,"date":"2020-06-18T07:19:00","date_gmt":"2020-06-18T00:19:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.gis2me.com\/geospatial\/?p=824"},"modified":"2025-04-30T09:22:44","modified_gmt":"2025-04-30T02:22:44","slug":"r-studio-ep14-%e0%b8%aa%e0%b8%a3%e0%b9%89%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%87-dem-%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%99%e0%b8%97%e0%b8%b5%e0%b9%88-3-3-%e0%b8%94%e0%b9%89%e0%b8%a7%e0%b8%a2-idw-polynomial-kriging","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.gis2me.com\/geospatial\/?p=824","title":{"rendered":"R-studio : ( EP#14 ) \u0e2a\u0e23\u0e49\u0e32\u0e07 DEM (\u0e15\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48 3\/3) \u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22 IDW, Polynomial, Kriging \u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e42\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e41\u0e01\u0e23\u0e21 R"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>R-studio : ( EP#14 )\u00a0 \u0e2a\u0e23\u0e49\u0e32\u0e07 DEM (\u0e15\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48 3\/3) \u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22 IDW, Polynomial, Kriging\u00a0 \u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e42\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e41\u0e01\u0e23\u0e21 R\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"197\">\u0e43\u0e19 <strong data-start=\"3\" data-end=\"12\">EP#14<\/strong> \u0e19\u0e35\u0e49 \u0e40\u0e23\u0e32\u0e08\u0e30\u0e1b\u0e34\u0e14\u0e17\u0e49\u0e32\u0e22\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e23\u0e49\u0e32\u0e07 <strong data-start=\"38\" data-end=\"71\">Digital Elevation Model (DEM)<\/strong> \u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e08\u0e33\u0e25\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e1e\u0e37\u0e49\u0e19\u0e1c\u0e34\u0e27\u0e20\u0e39\u0e21\u0e34\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e17\u0e28\u0e08\u0e32\u0e01 <strong data-start=\"105\" data-end=\"144\">\u0e08\u0e38\u0e14\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e39\u0e25\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e2a\u0e39\u0e07 (Elevation Points)<\/strong> \u0e42\u0e14\u0e22\u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e40\u0e17\u0e04\u0e19\u0e34\u0e04\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23 <strong data-start=\"161\" data-end=\"178\">Interpolation<\/strong> \u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22 R \u0e0b\u0e36\u0e48\u0e07\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e41\u0e01\u0e48:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"199\" data-end=\"329\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"199\" data-end=\"237\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"201\" data-end=\"237\"><strong data-start=\"201\" data-end=\"237\">IDW (Inverse Distance Weighting)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"238\" data-end=\"284\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"240\" data-end=\"284\"><strong data-start=\"240\" data-end=\"284\">Polynomial Regression (2nd \/ 3rd Degree)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"285\" data-end=\"329\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"287\" data-end=\"329\"><strong data-start=\"287\" data-end=\"298\">Kriging<\/strong> (Geostatistical Interpolation)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0e19\u0e33\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e39\u0e25\u0e08\u0e38\u0e14 Excel \u0e08\u0e32\u0e01\u0e15\u0e2d\u0e19 EP#12 \u0e21\u0e32\u0e08\u0e33\u0e25\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19 Digital Elevation Model \u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e04\u0e33\u0e2a\u0e31\u0e48\u0e07\u00a0 IDW, 2nd -Polynomial, 3rd &#8211; Polynomial, Kriging \u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e42\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e41\u0e01\u0e23\u0e21 R<\/p>\n<p>\u0e40\u0e15\u0e23\u0e35\u0e22\u0e21\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e39\u0e25\u0e08\u0e38\u0e14\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e2a\u0e39\u0e07 \u0e40\u0e1e\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e33\u0e21\u0e32\u0e08\u0e33\u0e25\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19 Digital Elevation Model \u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22\u0e42\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e41\u0e01\u0e23\u0e21 R<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u0e25\u0e07\u0e17\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e44\u0e1f\u0e25\u0e4c code R markdown script \u0e2a\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a DEM # 3\/3 <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/forms\/d\/e\/1FAIpQLSfGBzNO7rrB0wrFPkL1HA0MwtQ9dAJ2xd3pL2qEOYYzVdKFCA\/viewform\">https:\/\/docs.google.com\/forms\/d\/e\/1FAIpQLSfGBzNO7rrB0wrFPkL1HA0MwtQ9dAJ2xd3pL2qEOYYzVdKFCA\/viewform<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/faUEj6CPJsQ\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83c\udfaf \u0e40\u0e1b\u0e49\u0e32\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e22\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07 EP#14<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0e40\u0e23\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e23\u0e39\u0e49\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e31\u0e01\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23 Interpolation \u0e40\u0e1e\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19\u0e20\u0e39\u0e21\u0e34\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e40\u0e17\u0e28<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0e2a\u0e23\u0e49\u0e32\u0e07\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e08\u0e33\u0e25\u0e2d\u0e07 DEM \u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22 R \u0e08\u0e32\u0e01\u0e08\u0e38\u0e14\u0e1e\u0e34\u0e01\u0e31\u0e14\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e21\u0e35\u0e04\u0e48\u0e32 Z<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e35\u0e22\u0e1a\u0e40\u0e17\u0e35\u0e22\u0e1a\u0e1c\u0e25\u0e25\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e18\u0e4c\u0e08\u0e32\u0e01\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e32\u0e22\u0e40\u0e17\u0e04\u0e19\u0e34\u0e04<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0e40\u0e15\u0e23\u0e35\u0e22\u0e21\u0e2a\u0e48\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e39\u0e25\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19 raster \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d GeoTIFF<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83e\uddf0 \u0e15\u0e34\u0e14\u0e15\u0e31\u0e49\u0e07\u0e41\u0e1e\u0e47\u0e01\u0e40\u0e01\u0e08 R \u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e08\u0e33\u0e40\u0e1b\u0e47\u0e19<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">rCopyEdit<code>install.packages(c(\"sp\", \"gstat\", \"automap\", \"raster\", \"sf\", \"fields\", \"ggplot2\"))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udce5 \u0e14\u0e32\u0e27\u0e19\u0e4c\u0e42\u0e2b\u0e25\u0e14\u0e2a\u0e04\u0e23\u0e34\u0e1b\u0e15\u0e4c\u0e40\u0e23\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e23\u0e39\u0e49<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udd17 R Markdown Script:<br><a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/forms\/d\/e\/1FAIpQLSfGBzNO7rrB0wrFPkL1HA0MwtQ9dAJ2xd3pL2qEOYYzVdKFCA\/viewform\">\u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a\u0e1f\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e4c\u0e21\u0e25\u0e07\u0e17\u0e30\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e40\u0e1e\u0e37\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e44\u0e1f\u0e25\u0e4c EP#14<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udccc \u0e15\u0e31\u0e27\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e42\u0e04\u0e49\u0e14\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e2a\u0e23\u0e49\u0e32\u0e07 DEM \u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22 IDW<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">rCopyEdit<code>library(gstat)\nlibrary(sp)\nlibrary(raster)\n\n# \u0e19\u0e33\u0e40\u0e02\u0e49\u0e32\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e39\u0e25\u0e08\u0e38\u0e14\nelev &lt;- read.csv(\"elevation_points.csv\")\ncoordinates(elev) &lt;- ~longitude + latitude\n\n# \u0e01\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e19\u0e14\u0e01\u0e23\u0e34\u0e14\u0e1e\u0e37\u0e49\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e28\u0e36\u0e01\u0e29\u0e32\ngrd &lt;- spsample(elev, type = \"regular\", n = 5000)\ngridded(grd) &lt;- TRUE\n\n# Interpolation \u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a IDW\nidw_result &lt;- idw(elevation ~ 1, elev, newdata = grd, idp = 2.0)\n\n# \u0e41\u0e2a\u0e14\u0e07\u0e1c\u0e25\nspplot(idw_result, \"var1.pred\", main = \"DEM by IDW\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udccc \u0e15\u0e31\u0e27\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e42\u0e04\u0e49\u0e14 Polynomial Regression (2nd Degree)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">rCopyEdit<code>library(fields)\n\nfit2 &lt;- Tps(cbind(elev$longitude, elev$latitude), elev$elevation, m = 2)\ngrid_points &lt;- as.data.frame(coordinates(grd))\ngrid_points$z &lt;- predict(fit2, grid_points)\n\nimage(matrix(grid_points$z, nrow = 100), main = \"2nd Degree Polynomial DEM\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udccc \u0e15\u0e31\u0e27\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e48\u0e32\u0e07\u0e42\u0e04\u0e49\u0e14 Kriging<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">rCopyEdit<code>library(automap)\n\n# \u0e2a\u0e23\u0e49\u0e32\u0e07\u0e42\u0e21\u0e40\u0e14\u0e25\u0e40\u0e0b\u0e21\u0e34\u0e27\u0e32\u0e40\u0e23\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e0b\u0e4c\u0e2d\u0e31\u0e15\u0e42\u0e19\u0e21\u0e31\u0e15\u0e34\nkrig_result &lt;- autoKrige(elevation ~ 1, input_data = elev, new_data = grd)\n\n# \u0e41\u0e2a\u0e14\u0e07\u0e1c\u0e25 DEM\nspplot(krig_result$krige_output[\"var1.pred\"], main = \"DEM by Kriging\")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udcca \u0e40\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e35\u0e22\u0e1a\u0e40\u0e17\u0e35\u0e22\u0e1a\u0e1c\u0e25\u0e25\u0e31\u0e1e\u0e18\u0e4c\u0e40\u0e1a\u0e37\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e15\u0e49\u0e19<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u0e40\u0e17\u0e04\u0e19\u0e34\u0e04<\/th><th>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e14\u0e35<\/th><th>\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e08\u0e33\u0e01\u0e31\u0e14<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>IDW<\/td><td>\u0e04\u0e33\u0e19\u0e27\u0e13\u0e07\u0e48\u0e32\u0e22 \u0e23\u0e27\u0e14\u0e40\u0e23\u0e47\u0e27<\/td><td>\u0e2d\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e44\u0e2b\u0e27\u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e01\u0e23\u0e30\u0e08\u0e38\u0e01\u0e15\u0e31\u0e27\u0e02\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e08\u0e38\u0e14<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Polynomial<\/td><td>\u0e2a\u0e21\u0e39\u0e17 \u0e40\u0e2a\u0e49\u0e19\u0e42\u0e04\u0e49\u0e07\u0e2a\u0e27\u0e22<\/td><td>\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e40\u0e2b\u0e21\u0e32\u0e30\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e02\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e21\u0e39\u0e25\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e21\u0e35\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e0b\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e0b\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e1e\u0e37\u0e49\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48\u0e21\u0e32\u0e01<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kriging<\/td><td>\u0e41\u0e21\u0e48\u0e19\u0e22\u0e33\u0e2a\u0e39\u0e07 \u0e27\u0e31\u0e14\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e44\u0e21\u0e48\u0e41\u0e19\u0e48\u0e19\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49<\/td><td>\u0e15\u0e49\u0e2d\u0e07\u0e40\u0e02\u0e49\u0e32\u0e43\u0e08\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e27\u0e34\u0e40\u0e04\u0e23\u0e32\u0e30\u0e2b\u0e4c\u0e40\u0e0b\u0e21\u0e34\u0e27\u0e32\u0e40\u0e23\u0e35\u0e22\u0e19\u0e0b\u0e4c<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\uddc2\ufe0f \u0e2a\u0e48\u0e07\u0e2d\u0e2d\u0e01\u0e44\u0e1f\u0e25\u0e4c Raster<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">rCopyEdit<code>raster_out &lt;- rasterFromXYZ(grid_points)\nwriteRaster(raster_out, \"dem_output.tif\", format = \"GTiff\", overwrite = TRUE)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd1c \u0e43\u0e0a\u0e49\u0e07\u0e32\u0e19 DEM \u0e15\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e22\u0e2d\u0e14\u0e2d\u0e30\u0e44\u0e23\u0e44\u0e14\u0e49\u0e1a\u0e49\u0e32\u0e07?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0e27\u0e34\u0e40\u0e04\u0e23\u0e32\u0e30\u0e2b\u0e4c\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e25\u0e32\u0e14\u0e0a\u0e31\u0e19 (slope), \u0e17\u0e34\u0e28\u0e17\u0e32\u0e07\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e44\u0e2b\u0e25 (aspect)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0e2a\u0e23\u0e49\u0e32\u0e07 catchment area \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d watershed<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0e27\u0e34\u0e40\u0e04\u0e23\u0e32\u0e30\u0e2b\u0e4c\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e40\u0e2a\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e07\u0e20\u0e31\u0e22\u0e14\u0e34\u0e19\u0e16\u0e25\u0e48\u0e21 \u0e19\u0e49\u0e33\u0e17\u0e48\u0e27\u0e21<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0e2a\u0e23\u0e49\u0e32\u0e07 Visualization \u0e41\u0e1a\u0e1a 3D (\u0e23\u0e48\u0e27\u0e21\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a <code>rgl<\/code> \u0e2b\u0e23\u0e37\u0e2d <code>terrain3D<\/code>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>R-studio : ( EP#14 )\u00a0 \u0e2a\u0e23\u0e49\u0e32\u0e07 DEM (\u0e15\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e17\u0e35\u0e48 3\/3) \u0e14\u0e49\u0e27\u0e22 IDW,  [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[20,21],"tags":[507,513,503,511,510,514,440,504,506,505,439,509,104,512,508],"class_list":["post-824","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category--excel","category--r-studio","tag-dem-interpolation","tag-dem--r","tag-digital-elevation-model","tag-elevation-data","tag-geostatistics","tag-geotiff-export","tag-gis--r","tag-idw-r","tag-kriging-r","tag-polynomial-regression-r","tag-r-studio","tag-raster-r","tag-spatial-analysis","tag-surface-interpolation","tag-terrain-modeling"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.gis2me.com\/geospatial\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/824","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.gis2me.com\/geospatial\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.gis2me.com\/geospatial\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.gis2me.com\/geospatial\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.gis2me.com\/geospatial\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=824"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.gis2me.com\/geospatial\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/824\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":825,"href":"http:\/\/www.gis2me.com\/geospatial\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/824\/revisions\/825"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.gis2me.com\/geospatial\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=824"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.gis2me.com\/geospatial\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=824"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.gis2me.com\/geospatial\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=824"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}